Block for building moles, dams, piers, &amp; c.



Patented Nov. 28, I899.

N. R. JECKEL.

BLOCK FOR BUILDING HOLES, DAMS, PIERS, 8w.

(Application filed. Apr. 4, 1899.)

3 Sheets-Shut I.

(No Model.)

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( Application filed Apr. 4, 1899.

3 Sheets-$heet 2.

(No Modal.

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No. 637,935. Patented Nov. 28, I899.

N. n. JECKEL. v BLOCK FOR BUILDING HOLES, DAMS, PIERS, 8w.

. Application filed Apr. 4, 1899.) (No Model.) 3 Sheets$heet 3.

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TATES PATENT BLOCK FOR BUILDING MOLES, DAMS, PIERS, 84.0.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 637,935, dated November28, 1899.

Application filed April 4, 1899- Serial No. 711,722. (No model.)

T0 at whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, NIOOLAJ RUDOLF JEOKEL, a citizen of Denmark,residing at Skagen, in the Kingdom of Denmark, have invented certain newand useful Improvements in Blocks for Building Moles, Dams, Piers, andthe Like; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, andexact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilledin the art to which it appertains to make and use the same.

The invention residesin the special features of construction of theblock,as hereinafter described, and particularly pointed out in theclaims.

The invention is shown in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1is a perspective view of the beton or concrete block; Fig. 2, a planview of same; Fig. 3, a plan view of a portion of a dam or mole; Fig.4-, a view of the method employed in the construction of a bridge pieror foundation; and Fig. 5, a plan view, on an enlarged scale, of such abridge pier or foundation itself.

The beton or concrete blocks A provided for the construction areprovided 011 each of their sides with four double hooks a, which lie inseries, two and two, in verticalgrooves or recesses b, Figs. 1 and 2, inthe sides of the concrete block. The double hooks are preferably formedby the ends of iron bars 0, which are cast in the mass of concrete-thatis to say, embedded therein. The block of concrete may of course beprovided at both ends with double hooks a, which, according tocircumstances, may also lie in recesses 12, Fig. 5, like those firstmentioned, or may project from the ends of the blocks. (See Figs. 1 toThe blocks have holes d passing through them vertically, and the sidesmay have vertical semicircular channels 6. Finally, the corners of theVertical blocks may be cut out so as to form quadrant shaped grooves f.When moles, dams, or the like are to be constructed, the separate betonblocks thus formed are arranged side by side and one above the other andare formed into a connected whole by double T-irons, (girders,) whichare placed vertically between the blocks. The beton blocks are conveyedby means of a crane over the upper ends of the girders B, (see Fig. 3,)

so that their hooks or engage over the flanges of the girders and theblocks slide slowly down them. The blocks A are let down slowly oneafter the other and will of course stand exactly one above the other, sothat their holes cl will coincide with one another, as is also the casewith .the grooves e and fin the blocks, which are placed side by sideand will thus also form vertical tubular passages between the separaterows of blocks, which passages, as well as the passages formed by theholes (I, will extend from the upper surface of the structure or builtupmass down to the bed of the sea. Before the blocks are loweredcontainers with suitable cement are arranged between them; Thesecontainers are squashed as soon as the weight of one block bears uponanother, and the cement runs out and binds each two blocks together.Along the outer edge of the upper surface of the blocks a thin strip ofwood may be provided,which prevents the cement running out and beingwashed away by the sea. Through the vertical passages formed by theholes d iron tubes of smaller diameter are passed, which are providedwith a borer at their lowest end. If then water he forced down throughthese iron tubes, the sand will rise through the hole 01 around the irontube in a similar manner to what it does in Artesian bore-holes orwells. The blocks A Will gradually sink with the pumping up of the sand,so that finally it is possible to place them on solid ground. \Vhen theblocks have been sunk to the desired depth, the construction isgradually continued. If the girders B are too short, they are lengthenedby pieces of suitable length being attached thereto. The pieces areconnected with the girders by means of connecting-pieces, bolts, nuts,or the like. As soon as a long piece of a dam or a mole is finished thevertical grooves between the separate blocks A are tightly closed. Thistight closing may take place in the following way: Double T-shaped ironsor girders O are inserted in the hooksa, (see left-hand side of Fig. 3,)which are arranged on the ends of the blocks A which project from theside of the mole, and a frame D is inserted in the free flanges of thesaid girders C. This frame carries planks connected with the frame bymeans of jointpieces, the inner side of which planks are I covered witha stuffed pad or cushion h, which is pressed by means of a leverarrangement acting against the planks or the like against the openings(channels, cracks, or the like) between two adjacent blocks, and thuscloses such openings. As soon as this has been done all the openings arefilled with cement,

.which is poured down through pipes, which pipes are gradually drawn up,so that the filling material rises beneath them. In this manner theblocks are combined to a coherent whole or mass.

In order to construct bridge foundations or piers, an iron framework E(see Figs. 4 and 5) is first vertically erected over the spot where thecenter of the pier is to be. The framework projects to a suitable extentabove the water-level and is-held in a vertical position by means ofsuitable anchorings. On each side of the frame girders B, of doubleT-i-rons, are screwed, along which the blocks A are allowed to descend.These supports commence a little way above the level of the water andextend somewhat into the bed or ground. The concrete or beton blocks areconveyed over the beams or supports by means of cranes, which may bearranged on each of the four corners of the framework or scaffold E inthe manner of building cranes or derricks. When the blocks lying closestto the framework E have been placed in position, the outer blocks arelaid in the manner hereinbefore described for the construction of moles,and the piers themselves are constructed in a quite similar manner tothe moles. As soon as the pier is finished the framework E may beremoved.

It is self-evident that the number of the hooks a may be varied, and themethod of connecting the same with the beton blocks may also be variedand be arranged according to requirements. The blocks A may also haveany suitable form other than exactly prismatic. They might equally wellbe rounded, more particularly for constructions in which round cornersare prescribed-such, for instance, as round bridge piers or foundationsor the like.

Having now particularly described and ascertained the nature of mysaidinve'ntion and in what .manner the same is to be performed, Ideclare that what I claim is 1. A block for building moles, dams, piersand the like formed of beton or like material and having hooksprojecting from its sides, substantially as described.

2. In combination, the blocks having hooks projecting from their sidesand angle-iron girders engaging said hooks to hold the blocks together,substantially as described.

3. In combination with a block having grooves in its sides, hooksprojecting from the block into said grooves, substantially as described.

4. In combination, the blocks having pairs .of hooks projectingtherefrom and one pair over the other, and I-irons engaging the hooks tohold the blocks together, substantially as described.

5. In combination, the blocks having the grooves, the pair of hooksprojecting into the grooves from the blocks, one pair being located overthe other pair or pairs, and I-irons projecting into the said groovesand engaging the pairs of hooks, substantially as described.

-6. A marine structure comprising angleirons having their lower endsadapted to be sunk in the bed of the sea, and blocks having means forengaging the flanges of the angle-irons, by which the blocks will beheld together, and which will permit the blocks to be slid down alongthe angle-irons.

7. A block having iron bars embedded therein, said bars terminating inhooks projecting from the blocks, substantially as described.

8. In combination, the block having the holes 01, the bar embedded andterminating in a projecting hook, a groove 1) in the face of the blockinto which the hook projects, said block having also channels at thecorners, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand in presence of twowitnesses.

NICOLAJ RUDOLF JEOKEL.

Witnesses:

THEODOR I-IoLUY, OTTO WETZEL.

